From Theory to Practice in Pharmaceutical Care: An Algorithm to classify problems related to pharmacotherapy in Ambulatory Settings
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30968/jhphs.2025.163.1330Abstract
Objective: To develop an algorithm that supports the identification and classification of pharmacotherapy-related problems (PRPs) during ambulatory patient care provided by pharmacists. Methods: This descriptive, qualitative study involved four sequential steps: (i) conceptual modeling based on PRP categories reported in the literature; (ii) definition of criteria for PRP identification and classification; (iii) construction of a flowchart to guide systematic PRP classification; and (iv) theoretical validation of the algorithm through peer review. Results: The algorithm enables structured identification and classification of PRPs through pharmacotherapy review. It begins with the detection of therapeutic duplications, followed by assessment of medication necessity, adherence, effectiveness, and safety. Additionally, it incorporates the identification of untreated health conditions using data from patient anamnesis and medical records, as well as the evaluation of potential drug interactions that may impair treatment effectiveness or safety. Conclusion: The algorithm provides a standardized and rational approach to PRP identification, enhancing patient safety and supporting more precise and targeted pharmacist interventions. Moreover, it contributes to the generation of indicators for pharmaceutical clinical practice, reinforcing the pharmacist’s role in healthcare.
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