Pharmacy practice in a veterinary hospital: development and application of a tool for inspection of medication labeling and packaging

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30968/jhphs.2025.164.1289

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to develop and apply a tool to guide the inspection of technical parameters of medications used in veterinary health services, supporting practices that contribute to animal patient safety in accordance with current regulations. Methods: The Inspection Guide for Technical Aspects of Labeling of Medicines for Veterinary Use (RIATREvet) was designed from Brazilian regulations issued by Anvisa and MAPA, the agencies responsible for human and veterinary drug control, respectively. The tool was implemented at the veterinary hospital of the Federal University of Goiás, central-west region of Brazil, to assess compliance with medications used in animal care. Results: The RIATREvet covered three domains and 16 items. It was applied to 67 medications (58.2% human, 41.8% veterinary). Human drugs achieved near-total regulatory compliance (≥98%). Conversely, veterinary drugs exhibited significantly lower compliance, notably in primary packaging (Domain 1: 71.4%) and secondary packaging (Domains 1 and 2: ≤84%). The most frequent non-conformity was Item 3.3 (“Customer Service Phone Number”), with veterinary drugs showing a significantly higher failure rate (64.3%, p<0.001). High-risk APINCH medications (52.2% of the sample) showed high non-compliance, particularly for primary packaging (65.7%), increasing the risk of medication errors. Conclusion: The RIATREvet tool effectively guides veterinarians and pharmacists in evaluating medication labeling and packaging, thereby contributing to safer medication use in veterinary healthcare services.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. Lopes DM, Néri ED, Madeira LS, et al. Análise da rotulagem de medicamentos semelhantes: potenciais erros de medicação. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2012;58(1):95-103.

2. Moura CM, Carvalho, ACB, Falcão, DP. Rotulagem de medicamentos fitoterápicos industrializados: está adequada às diretrizes legais? Vigil Sanit Debate. 2014;2(2):60-66. doi:10.3395/vd.v2n2.140

3. Caon S. Pictogramas em embalagens de medicamentos - estratégia para a segurança do paciente [tese de doutorado]. Porto alegre: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; 2019.

4. Novaes MFB. Avaliação das Normas Regulatórias sobre rotulagem e embalagem de produtos farmacêuticos. Rev Cient Multidiscip Núcleo Conhecimento. 2020;6(1):44-64.

5. Lombardo M. Rotulagem de medicamentos industrializados: uma análise das diretrizes legais brasileiras e contribuições para a qualidade de produtos. Rev Adm Saúde. 2020;20(81):1. doi:10.23973/ras.81.225

6. Rath S, Mejia, MJM, Schroder CHK. Guia de validação e controle de qualidade analítica: fármacos em produtos para alimentação animal e medicamentos veterinários. Quim Nova. 2015;38(5):697-708.

7. Thomazini VC, Lima RA, Vilela LC, et al. Inconsistencies in the quality of the information on package inserts for veterinary medicines in Brazil. Braz J Pharm Sci. 2024;60:e22180. doi:10.1590/s2175-97902024000222180

8. Pinho RH, Magalhães E, Zambelli AB, et al. Medication errors in veterinary anesthesia: a literature review. Vet Anaesth Analg. 2024;51(2):123-133. doi:10.1016/j.vaa.2024.01.003

9. Barazowski JA, Pinard CL, Hess RS. Assessment and categorization of medication errors in a veterinary teaching hospital. J Vet Intern Med. 2024;38(4):1393-1402. doi:10.1111/jvim.17896

10. Sanches NHC. Cuidado farmacêutico no uso de medicamentos em animais domésticos [trabalho de conclusão de curso]. São Paulo: Universidade São Judas Tadeu; 2023.

11. Grundy SJ, Kemmis, S. Educational action research in Australia: the state of the art. Geelong. New York: Routledge;1997.

12. Bezerra TM, Filho, NAM. Soler O. Regulatory frameworks and the role of the pharmacist in the veterinary drug market for companion animals: integrative review. Rev Biotecnol Cienc. 2022;11(4):e2760. doi:10.33448/rsd-v11i4.27604

13. Martins MR. Thomaz DV, Silvério RM. Avaliação das prescrições medicamentosas de um hospital veterinário: uma contribuição dos serviços clínicos farmacêuticos. Rev Biotecnol Cienc. 2017:6(2):38-45.

14. Lima TM, Magalhães VS, Dewulf NLS, et al. Perspectivas da atuação do farmacêutico hospitalar no âmbito veterinário. Braz J Health Pharm. 2021;3(4):10-17.

15. Castro PIM. Estudo sobre medicamentos humanos utilizados em prescrição veterinária [trabalho de conclusão de curso]. Natal: Universidade do Rio Grande do Norte; 2019.

16. Ferreira JPA, Santos AS, Fonseca BCO. Guia farmacoterapêutico HV/UFG. Goiânia: Brazil Publishing; 2020. doi:10.31012/978-65-86854-11-4

17. Low R, Wu AW. Veterinary healthcare needs to talk more about error: for the wellbeing of our patients and medical teams. J Vet Intern Med. 2022;36(6):2199-2202. doi:10.1111/jvim.16554

18. Karapinar-Çarkit F, van den Bemt PMLA, Sadik M. Opportunities for changes in the drug product design to enhance medication safety in older people: evaluation of a national public portal for medication incidents. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2020;86(10):1946-1957. doi:10.1111/bcp.14392

19. Pons EDS, Moraes CG, Falavigna M, et al. Users’ preferences and perceptions of the comprehensibility and readability of medication labels. PLoS One. 2019;14(2):e0212173. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0212173

20. Anacleto TA, Perini E, Rosa MB, et al. Medication errors and drug-dispensing systems in a hospital pharmacy. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2005;60(4):325-332. doi:10.1590/s1807-59322005000400011

21. Carvalho VT, Cassiani SHDB, Chiericato C, et al. Erros mais comuns e fatores de risco na administração de medicamentos em unidades básicas de saúde. Rev Latino-Am Enfermagem. 1999;7(5):67-76. doi:10.1590/S0104-11691999000500009

22. Gimenes FRE, Marques TC, Teixeira TCA, et al. Medication wrong-route administrations in relation to medical prescriptions. Rev Latino-Am Enfermagem. 2011;19(1):11-17. doi:10.1590/S0104-11692011000100003

23. Associação Nacional de Farmacêuticos Magistrais. Dicas Farmacotécnicas: Manipulação Veterinária. Assoc Nac Farm Magistrais. 2019;(116):1-9.

24. Heinemann L, Braune K, Carter A, et al. Insulin Storage: A Critical Reappraisal. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2021;15(1):147-159. doi:10.1177/1932296819900258

25. Oliveira Fonseca BC, Forgerini M, Dias Zorzin LC, et al. Uso de ferramenta de gatilho para identificação de eventos adversos a medicamentos em cães. Rev Bras Med Vet. 2020;42(1):e109720. doi:10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm109720

26. Aspden P, Wolcott J, Bootman JL, et al. Preventing medication errors. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2006.

27. Institute for Safe Medication Practices Canada. Good Label and Package Practices Guide for Prescription Drugs. Ottawa: ISMP Canada; 2019.

Downloads

Published

2025-12-26

How to Cite

1.
SOARES LM, CATÃO AL, LOPES AF. Pharmacy practice in a veterinary hospital: development and application of a tool for inspection of medication labeling and packaging. J Hosp Pharm Health Serv [Internet]. 2025 Dec. 26 [cited 2026 Jan. 18];16(4):e1289. Available from: https://jhphs.org/sbrafh/article/view/1289

Issue

Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLES